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”黑夜”與” 曰光”的週期(關於睡眠時間)

在網上找到些關於睡眠的資料, 如睡眠不足會引起很多行為問題, 希望對大家有用啦!

Dark and Light Cycles For Birds
Obviously nobody wants to turn his or her bird into a sleep-deprived or cabin-fever suffering basket case. Fortunately, there are steps you can take modify the dark and light cycles <http://www.birdchannel.com/bird- ... -natural-light.aspx >for your pet birds to keep them healthy and happy. Sleep deprivation is a common component in problem behaviors that appear in companion birds. Excessive screaming, aggression, neurotic fear behaviors (often called phobic behaviors), and feather destruction are commonly associated with bird sleep deprivation.Avian veterinarians and bird behaviorists generally make the following recommendations:
”黑夜”與” 曰光”的週期(關於睡眠時間)
顯然沒有人願意剝奪他們鳥兒的睡眠時間。幸運的是,您可以有步驟地為您的寵物鳥糾正”黑夜”與”曰光”的週期,讓他們健康快樂。睡眠不足對寵物鳥是很容易出現行為問題的。例如過多的尖叫、侵略的行為、神經質的恐懼行為(通常被稱為恐懼行為)和羽毛的破壞(拔毛)通常是與鳥類的睡眠不足有關。禽鳥獸醫和鳥類行為學家普遍提出以下建議:

(1)Let your bird have 10 to 12 hours of sleep each night.
Most companion birds do best with between 10 and 12 hours of darkness a night. This is generality; some species do better with a little more than 12 hours of sleep, others like less than eight, but most need somewhere around the 10 to 12 hour mark.
(1)讓你的鳥每天晚上有10至12個小時的睡眠
大部分的寵物鳥最好有10至12小時睡眠。但某些品種多過12小時更好,有些喜歡少於8小時,但最好的是大約10至12小時。

The majority of parrots are tropical or subtropical, meaning they live near the equator where there are 12 hours of darkness every night,” noted Ken Welle, DVM, an avian veterinarian who practices in Illinois. In the wild, parrots are awake from sunrise to sunset, which amounts to about 12 hours on average, and sleep from sunset to sunrise the other 12 hours in the day.
伊利諾伊州的禽鳥獸醫, Ken Welle指出:“大多數的鸚鵡是熱帶或亞熱帶,這意味著他們生活在赤道附近,那裡每天晚上有12小時黑暗。在野外,鸚鵡從日出到日落是清醒的,平均約 12小時。而從日落到日出的12個小時是睡眠的。

Many pet parrots do well on a sunset-to-sunrise sleeping schedule; they get the amount of sleep they need, and they’re awake when nature designed them to be awake and asleep when nature designed them to be sleeping. Reality is a lot of bird owners are away at work all day and don’t get home until 5 or 6 o’clock in the evening, which during much of the year may be after it’s already gotten dark outside or just a short time before sunset. Obviously if these people “put their birds to bed” at sunset that doesn’t leave a lot of time for interacting.
許多寵物鳥天生有日出到日落的睡眠時間表,得到他們所需要的睡眠量,會自然清醒及自然睡著。但現實是很多鳥主會因工作,而一整天不左家,直到黄昏5、6點甚至差不多天黑才回家。顯然,如果這些鳥主讓自己的寵物鳥於黄昏後立即睡覺,他們和鳥主就沒有大量的互動時間了。

You can let your birds stay up past sunset, “but then you’re going to need to allow them to sleep later in the morning,” said Julie Burge DVM, a veterinarian and bird breeder in Missouri. That means if you leave for work when it’s still dark in the morning, you shouldn’t turn on the lights in the room where you keep your parrots, nor should you disturb them in any way. Let them sleep as long as they can. Unless their cages are covered, birds usually awaken when the sun comes up. Keep in mind that your bird should have at least 10 hours of darkness, so if the sun rises at 6:30am, you should not keep your bird up past 8:30pm the night before.
在密蘇里州的一名獸醫和飼養員, Julie Burge說:“你可以讓你的鳥於黃昏後都不去睡覺,但你可讓他們早上遲些起床。這意味著,如果你在未天亮時已需外出工作,請不要在詞養鸚鵡的房間裡開燈,也不應以任何方式擾亂他們。讓他們能睡多久就多久。除非他們的籠子都巳用布蓋上,鳥通常在太陽升起時就清醒。記住,你的鳥應該有至少10小時的睡眠,所以,如果在太陽升起時間為6:30,你不應該讓你的鳥兒遲於8:30睡覺。

But, you may ask, what if you work 2nd shift or you’re taking night classes and you don’t get home until late at night? Your parrot may have been sleeping for several hours before you get home. Is it okay to wake him up so that you can interact with him a while? “Yes,” said Larry Nemetz, DVM, an exotics-only veterinarian in southern California. “Your parrots do not have to have 10 straight hours of uninterrupted sleep each night. It’s okay to break up their sleep, especially if that’s the only way you can have time to play with them.”
但是你可能會問,如果你需輪班工作或你晚上要上課直至深夜才回家,您的鸚鵡可能已經睡了幾個小時。你可叫醒他與他互動玩耍一會兒嗎? 在加利福尼亞州南部的獸醫, Larry Nemetz說“是可以的,你的鸚鵡不必每天晚上有10小時不間斷的睡眠。睡眠時間是可間斷的,尤其是如果這是唯一的方式,你才有時間和他們一起玩耍。“

But that doesn’t mean you should suddenly wake them up from a deep sleep and immediately put your hands in their cage. If you do, you’re bound to be bitten. “Just turn on the lights, let them wake up slowly so they don’t freak out, and give them a half hour or so to gear up for some play,” Nemetz suggested. “Don’t just go in the bird room and startle them awake and expect them to immediately be ready to start playing with you.”
但是這並不意味著你可以突然把牠們從沉睡中叫醒,並立即把你的手伸入他們的籠子。如果你這樣做,您一定會被咬傷。 Nemetz建議先開燈讓他們慢慢醒來,使他們不會出現反常行為,並給他們半個小時時間清醒一下,不要嚇醒他們,並期望他們可立即開始與你玩耍。

Once the late-night play session is over with, most parrots have no problem going right back to sleep. Again, you should try to ensure your bird has 10 hours of darkness for sleeping, so if it has already been sleeping for five hours before you got home, make sure you don’t keep it up so late that it is not going to have five hours of darkness left for sleeping.
在晚上玩耍完畢後,很多鸚鵡都願意回去睡覺。為確保你的鳥兒可睡10個小時,如果牠在你回家之前已經睡了五個小時,確保牠將有5個小時的時間睡覺。

(2)Use sleep cages, cage covers or room-darkening blinds to help your bird sleep.
You may also need to take some steps to create an environment for your parrot that is more conducive for sleeping. Kim Bear, a parrot behavior consultant in Florida, recommends bird owners provide their parrot with a “sleep cage.” This would be a smaller cage that’s just used for sleeping.
(2)使用睡眠籠、籠蓋或昏暗房間的百葉窗,來幫助你的鳥兒睡眠
您需要營造一個有利於睡眠的環境給你的鳥兒。在佛羅里達州的鸚鵡行為顧問, Kim Bear建議鳥主給他們的鸚鵡一個“睡眠籠” ,這是一個小小的籠子只用來睡覺。

The sleep cage should be put in a room that’s completely dark and quiet, where the bird is not going to be disturbed - such as a spare bedroom, laundry room or even a large walk-in closet. During the daytime the bird would be housed in its regular, larger cage or playgym in the family room, den or other highly trafficked part of the house. But when it’s time for the bird to go to sleep, it would be transferred to its sleep cage.
睡眠籠應在一個完全黑暗和安靜的房問,那裡是不會被人打擾的。白天鳥兒會被安置在廳中。但是去睡覺的時候,它會被轉移到其睡眠的籠子。

Bear said, “A lot of people keep their parrot next to their television in the family room, but oftentimes the parrot can’t get to sleep even if the lights are dimmed because there might be a lot of noise coming from the TV, the family might be talking or laughing, maybe people are coming and going, and so it makes a lot of sense to move the parrot to another part of the house at night where he’s not going to hear all that racket.”
很多人都會將自己的鸚鵡放在電視旁邊,即使燈光變暗鸚鵡都不能入睡,因為從電視及家中各人的對話中有大量的噪音,廳中人們又來來往往,所以有需要在晚上把鸚鵡移到另一處安靜的環境中。

“The cage cover prevents pet birds from seeing a lot of things that might startle them. You can use a dark towel or blanket to cover the cage or a specially made cage cover. (Note: For some birds, such as cockatiels, complete darkness may cause problems with night frights, and it may be necessary to leave part of their cages uncovered and plug in a night light to allow them to see.)
籠布可防止寵物鳥看到可能驚醒牠們的東西。您可以使用深色的毛巾或毛毯蓋籠子。(注:對於一些鳥類,如雞尾,在完全黑暗的環境中可能會導致夜間驚嚇問題,牠們的籠子只可以蓋一部分,及開一小燈讓他們看到四周。)

(3)根據品種、季節和行為調整光/暗週期
鳥的睡眠時間表是可以調整的。如你的鳥是來自較溫和的地區(例如,一隻原產於非洲東南部的邁爾鸚鵡,或一隻來自西藏的Deryban鸚鵡),它可能需要一個多一點變化(一年四季不同的變化)的光/暗週期。假如你的鳥是來自年赤道地區,例如橙翅亞馬遜鸚鵡,其活動範圍是亞馬遜雨林森林,其光/暗週期差不多整年都是12小時曰光和12小時黑暗。

“The further away their home range is from the equator, the more seasonal changes are going to be significant,” said Don Harris, DVM, an avian veterinarian in Florida. So, if you’ve got a bird from one of the more temperate regions, it may need 10 hours of light and 14 hours of darkness in the winter months, and 14 hours of light and 10 hours of dark in the summer months. Some people go so far as to try to mimic the light/dark cycles of their birds’ home range, so they will gradually start shortening the days for their birds when moving from mid-summer to winter and lengthening the days when moving from mid-winter to summer. This is something you might want to try if you’ve got a species from one of the temperate regions. But if your bird is from the tropics, where the hours of light and darkness are even and consistent year-round, it probably won’t need the seasonal variation.
他們的原居地越距離得赤道越遠,季節上的光/暗週期變化越很大,如果你有一隻從溫帶地區而來的鳥,牠在冬季需要10小時日光和14小時黑夜,而在夏季就需要14小時曰光和10個小時的黑夜。有些人試圖仿製鳥類的光/暗週期,所以他們會從夏天中旬開始到冬天逐步逐步縮短鳥兒的日光時間,你也可以嘗試。但如果你的鳥是來自熱帶地區,曰光與黑夜的時間是全年均等的,就不需要作季節性上的變化。

You may also want to modify the light/dark cycles, depending on whether you want to encourage or discourage “breeding mode” in your birds. If you’ve got a pair of birds and you wish to stimulate reproductive activity, Welle suggested you gradually increase day length from 10 hours daily to about 16 hours daily.
您亦可以從改變光/暗週期,來決定你想不想鳥兒生蛋。如果你有一對鳥兒及想刺激牠們的生殖活動,你可以逐漸增加日光的時間,從每天10個小時到16個小時左右。

On the other hand, if your bird is exhibiting behavior problems related to reproductive hormones (this could be anything from aggressive biting in a sexually mature cockatoo or Amazon, to chronic egg laying in a cockatiel), Welle recommended limiting the bird to eight to 10 hours of light daily to try shut down those reproductive hormones. You will probably need to use room darkening blinds and/or cage covers to artificially bring-on nighttime earlier for these birds. This is something you would do on a temporary basis. Once the hormonally-related behavior has stopped (it may take several weeks or more to curtail the behavior), then you can gradually start lengthening the days back to what is normal for the bird.
另一方面,如果你的鳥兒出現繁殖期(因荷爾蒙產生) 的行為問題(例如成熟的葵花鸚鵡或亞馬遜可能出現的侵略性的咬人行為),建議限制鳥兒每天只有8至10小時的日光時間直至問題行為消失為止。你可能需要使用昏暗房間的百葉窗或籠布製造黑暗的效果。一旦有關的行為停止(可能需要幾個星期或以上),就可以逐漸開始延長曰光時間至正常水平。

(4)Provide natural sunlight or UV lighting
One final important consideration relating to photoperiod is the type of light your bird is exposed to. Ideally, pet birds should have some exposure to natural light every day. That requires them to actually go outdoors. “Indoor birds do not receive the benefits of the UV light emitted by the sun,” noted Gregory Burkett, DVM, an avian veterinarian in Durham, North Carolina. Most window glass is treated to prevent ultraviolet (UV) rays from passing through and [rays]do not reach the bird.
(4)提供自然陽光或紫外線燈光
有關光/暗週期的最後一個重要的因素是你的鳥兒所接觸到光的類型。理想的情況下,寵物鳥應該每天都到户多接觸自然光。大部分住在室內的鳥兒都會被玻璃隔離了室外的紫外光線(UV)。

Exactly how much exposure to natural light do birds need? Harris recommended that pet birds get between four and six hours of unobstructed skylight a day, but if that’s not reasonable even a couple of hours a day outside will help. “The sun doesn’t have to directly hit the bird, but they have to have unobstructed sky,” Harris said. “Being outside under a tree is okay as long as the sky is visible. Being under a patio is OK too, as long as there is no screen between the bird and the sky.”
到底要接觸多少的自然光才足夠呢?獸醫建議寵物鳥每天要有4到6小時的時間,但如果做不到,縱使幾個小時都有幫助。太陽不需要直接照射到鳥兒,但他們必須有在通暢無阻下的天空下接觸自然光,在樹下、露台亦可,只要抬頭見到天空就可以了。

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Thanks Jenny!
深灰鸚 Timneh =寶寶, 仔
性格:沉默寡言, 身手敏捷, 胆大心細面皮厚. 斯斯文文, 具紳士風度
淺灰鸚 =晴晴, 女
性格:活潑好動愛說話, 粗心大意又細胆. 粗粗魯魯,野蠻小公主.

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一睇到咁大篇野...就冇心機睇=.="

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我下次縮短d 啦, 我諗住跟足完文會好d, 可能有d人會睇英文verison, 我又擔心翻譯錯誤嘛!

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jenny,你既心機大家都感受到、多謝你實用的資料,期待你有空的下一篇文章,謝謝

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Jenny 真有心.
謝謝

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睇完之後....我2隻雞尾要搬籠喇~!! thx~!! 升高去窗邊先有足夠自然光~!!
雞尾:黃化-彭彭(終於5.3.2013 7am),原色-咩咩,古銅珍珠-必必,黃化珍珠-圈圈,珍珠派特-花花
亞歷-包包@2012, 嚕嚕嚕(2013/1/3-2013/3/12 3am)
折衷-伯爵與豆豆(2000)
和尚-QQ與MOMO(2012)
太陽-威威(~2002)與叮叮

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睇完之後....我2隻雞尾要搬籠喇~!! thx~!! 升高去窗邊先有足夠自然光~!!
yimaggie 發表於 2011-10-24 15:29

要注意
經過玻璃嘅陽光係廢嫁

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Thx Jenny for the information.

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jenny 你真係好有心機~~謝謝分享!!!!
玫瑰葵花 ENVY仔

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好有用的資料。謝謝分享。即使再有經驗的人,都要吸收下其他新資訊(養鸚鵡的必要資訊)。更何況不太了解的愛鳥的主人,長都要睇清楚。
太陽→cash
黑頭凱克→ 多多
LB→QQ(去做小天使了)

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要注意
經過玻璃嘅陽光係廢嫁
louisa20047 發表於 2011-10-24 15:33

我知丫~所以要開住個窗~
雞尾:黃化-彭彭(終於5.3.2013 7am),原色-咩咩,古銅珍珠-必必,黃化珍珠-圈圈,珍珠派特-花花
亞歷-包包@2012, 嚕嚕嚕(2013/1/3-2013/3/12 3am)
折衷-伯爵與豆豆(2000)
和尚-QQ與MOMO(2012)
太陽-威威(~2002)與叮叮

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好有用呀~~原來我隻訓得9個鐘~
再早d比佢訓先~

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Thanks Jenny!

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好有用, 特別係對於好似我咁既新手好有幫助

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我下次縮短d 啦, 我諗住跟足完文會好d, 可能有d人會睇英文verison, 我又擔心翻譯錯誤嘛!
jennymok 發表於 2011-10-24 09:59


養鸚鵡新手,在此多謝JENNY的無私
另外都多謝其他頁面師兄/姐的指導

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